Within the framework of the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics (IQMD) model, we simulate the semiperipheral collisions of neutron-rich Ca, Mg, and Ne isotopes on ${}^{12}\mathrm{C}$ target at 50 MeV/nucleon. Different neutron-skin thicknesses $\left(S_n\right)$ of projectiles are obtained by adjusting the neutron diffuseness parameter in the droplet model. It is suggested that in both initial and final states, the difference of momentum between neutrons and protons $\left[\mathrm{\Delta }P\right(n-p\left)\right]$ decreases linearly with the increase of $S_n$. The similar correlation exists between $S_n$ and the peak position of the momentum spectrum of neutrons $\left(g_1\right)$. Moreover, the yield ratio of neutrons to protons $\left[R\right(n/p\left)\right]$ is proportional to $S_n$ and $R(n/p)$ with lower momentum is more sensitive to $S_n$. The above analyses are also applied to the triton and ${}^3\mathrm{He}$, which displays some limitations of their dependence on $S_n$. Therefore, $\mathrm{\Delta }P(n-p)$, $g_1$, and $R(n/p)$ can be taken as general experimental observables to extract information on $S_n$.

• Received 10 September 2023
• Accepted 19 January 2024

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.109.024616